170. Tables and Graphs of Relationships

Learning Intentions

  • Recognise that a relationship between variables and can be shown as a table or as a Draw
  • Understand that a point lies on the graph of an equation if substituting the values for and makes the equation true
  • Draw a table of points for a rule
  • Construct a graph from a rule or a table of points

Pre-requisite Summary

  • Coordinates are written as ordered pairs
  • The first coordinate gives the horizontal position and the second coordinate gives the vertical position
  • Points can be plotted on a number plane Use their coordinates
  • A rule or equation can connect two variables
  • Substitution means replacing a variable with a chosen value
  • A table of values can show matching values of and
  • A graph can show the same relationship visually

Worked Examples

Worked Example 1

The rule is .

Construct a table of values for .

Worked Example 2

The rule is .

Construct a table of values for .

Worked Example 3

Determine whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Worked Example 4

Determine whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Worked Example 5

Construct a graph for the rule using a table of values.

Worked Example 6

Construct a graph from the table of points:

, , , ,

Problems

Problem 1

The rule is .

Construct a table of values for .

Problem 2

The rule is .

Construct a table of values for .

Problem 3

Determine whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Problem 4

Determine whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Problem 5

Construct a graph for the rule using a table of values.

Problem 6

Construct a graph from the table of points:

, , , ,

Exercises

Understanding and Fluency

Exercise 1.

Complete each table of values.

a) For , when

b) For , when

Exercise 2.

Complete each table of values.

a) For , when

b) For , when

Exercise 3.

Decide whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Exercise 4.

Decide whether each point lies on the graph of .

a)

b)

c)

Exercise 5.

Construct a table of values for each rule.

a) for

b) for

Exercise 6.

Construct a table of values for each rule.

a) for

b) for

Exercise 7.

Plot the points from your table and construct the graph of each rule.

a)

b)

Exercise 8.

Plot the points from your table and construct the graph of each rule.

a)

b)

Exercise 9.

Construct a graph from the table of points.

a) , , ,

b) , , ,

Exercise 10.

Construct a graph from the table of points.

a) , , ,

b) , , ,

Reasoning

Exercise 11.

Explain why a table of values and a graph can show the same relationship between and .

Exercise 12.

A student says that the point lies on the graph of . Explain the error.

Exercise 13.

Explain why substitution can be used to test whether a point lies on a graph.

Exercise 14.

A student plots the point as across and up. Explain why this is incorrect.

Exercise 15.

Explain why more than one point is needed to construct a graph from a rule.

Problem-solving

Exercise 16.

The rule describes the total number of stickers when extra stickers are added to a collection of .

Construct a table of values for , then graph the rule.

Exercise 17.

A taxi fare follows the rule , where is the number of kilometres and is the total cost in dollars.

Construct a table of values for , then graph the rule.

Exercise 18.

A pattern follows the rule , where is the step number and is the number of tiles.

Construct a table of values for , then graph the rule.

Exercise 19.

A student claims that lies on the graph of .

Use substitution to test the claim.

Exercise 20.

The points , , and are given.

Construct a graph from the table of points and Describe the rule connecting and .

Potential Misunderstandings

  • Thinking a table and a graph show different relationships rather than the same relationship in different forms
  • Reversing the order of coordinates when plotting points
  • Forgetting that a point lies on a graph only if its coordinates make the equation true
  • Substituting the -value correctly but not checking whether the given -value matches
  • Treating any plotted point near a graph as if it lies exactly on the graph
  • Using inconsistent -values when constructing a table of points
  • Making arithmetic errors when substituting into a rule
  • Joining points incorrectly when drawing a graph from a table
  • Thinking one point is enough to determine the full graph of a rule
  • Forgetting that the graph should be based on the ordered pairs in the table

Next: 171. Finding Linear Rules from Tables and Graphs